During operation, lubricating oil not only provides lubrication but also reflects the “health” of the engine. When sludge forms, it signals a serious issue within the system. Understanding the causes and knowing how to deal with them helps maintain performance and extend equipment life.
WHAT IS SLUDGE FORMATION IN LUBRICATING OIL?
Lubricating oil is a vital technical fluid essential for engine operation. It lubricates, reduces friction, and effectively dissipates heat. However, during use, oil can degrade and form sludge deposits, which directly affect the machine’s performance.
Sludge formation occurs when oil oxidizes or becomes contaminated with impurities. The resulting deposits gradually accumulate within the lubrication system, lowering efficiency and potentially causing severe damage if left untreated.
Oil sludge not only reduces efficiency but also clogs filters, increases friction, and raises operating temperature. This phenomenon commonly appears in both automotive and industrial machinery, especially in high-temperature conditions.
CAUSES OF SLUDGE FORMATION IN LUBRICATING OIL
Oxidation of base oil
When exposed to oxygen and high temperatures, oil oxidizes, producing acids and resinous compounds. These substances thicken the oil and generate dark sludge. Over time, deposits adhere firmly to metal surfaces, reducing cooling and lubrication efficiency.
High operating temperature
Excessive heat causes rapid oil decomposition. Molecular structures break down, additives lose effectiveness, and the oil darkens and becomes sticky. Deposits begin to form in high-temperature areas such as crankshafts and pistons.
Contamination and moisture
Water, dust, or combustion soot can enter the lubrication system, triggering hydrolysis reactions that create emulsions and sludge. Over time, these soft deposits harden, restricting oil flow and clogging filters.
Incompatible oils and additives
Using oils that do not meet specifications or mixing different products may lead to precipitation. Low-quality oils often lack oxidation inhibitors and detergents, weakening cleaning performance and accelerating sludge formation.
SOLUTIONS AND PREVENTION METHODS
Flushing and proper oil replacement
When oil appears dark or contains sludge, flush the lubrication system with a specialized cleaning solution. This process removes deposits and cleans the entire oil circuit. After flushing, refill with new oil and replace the oil filter to ensure smooth flow.
Regular flushing helps prevent sludge from reforming. For engines operating frequently, check oil condition every 3,000–5,000 km or according to technical recommendations.
Use of high-quality lubricants
Choose oils containing detergent and dispersant additives that keep contaminants suspended and prevent adhesion. Synthetic oils offer superior oxidation resistance, thermal stability, and longer service life.
Always select oil grades and viscosity levels according to the manufacturer’s standards (e.g., SAE, API). Avoid mixing oils from different brands to prevent additive incompatibility and deposit formation.
Control operating conditions and system maintenance
Maintain an efficient cooling system to avoid overheating — the main factor accelerating oil breakdown. Inspect radiators, fans, and coolant regularly. High temperature is the direct cause of rapid sludge formation.
Ensure the oil system is properly sealed to prevent leaks. Regularly check and clean filler caps, seals, and breather lines. In humid environments, let the engine run long enough for moisture to evaporate from the crankcase.
VICHEM – OFFICIAL DISTRIBUTOR OF MINGLAN’S GENUINE OIL ADDITIVES IN VIETNAM
Vichem is the official distributor of Minglan’s oil additives in Vietnam. We not only provide quality products but also provide after-sales services that meet international standards. Services include:
- Technical consultation: assisting clients in selecting suitable product types for specific applications.
- Color-matching testing: our expert team performs laboratory tests to ensure color consistency and design accuracy.
- Application support: guiding customers through real production integration to achieve optimal performance.
For more information about our products and services, please contact us via the following channels:
📞 Hotline: 08 1790 1790
📧 Email: contact@vichem.vn
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